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Introduction to Policy Debate

This free online textbook is available to all. No log-in is required to view any of the chapters and sections.

Thanks to generous contributions from Bill Smelko, William Smelko, and Rebecca (Gray) Jordan, we have been able to radically expand the available content.


I find that debaters have a very difficult time answering this question when I ask it. 

There are two things that you need to do if a team double-turns themselves:

First, concede both turns (link turn & impact turn or impact turn and internal link turn or link turn and internal link turn).  Explain why the combination of turns is a new disadvantage against the affirmative (the affirmative case increases economic growth and economic growth is bad). 

Second, answer the other 2AC arguments. If you do not, for example, answer the affirmative’s internal link take-out, the 1AR can extend that, proving it doesn’t matter if they save money and growth is bad because saving money won’t end up promoting growth.